creative writing textbooks article
The workshop functioned, Engle believed, to teach the student writer about herself, to guide the formation not just of a manuscript but of “the personality who wrote it.” With bombast that would have made his advisor proud, he celebrated the success of his program by declaring, “Art may turn out to be the last refuge of the individual in our time.”. How can people enter your contest? Digital Quarterly Journal + archive + member card for participating bookstores + our weekly newsletter and events invitations. But the conservative philosophical movement, dead in name, reemerged to inspire the literature of Cold War America. endobj Four LARB-selected books + access to conversation on each book with LARB editors + all the perks of the print membership. In American Scholar, he proposed a plan for bringing creative writing into the college classroom and building a master’s program for fiction writers and poets. 1. Donate $2500 to support LARB’s public events series, increasing community access to our ongoing literary conversation, and, along with all the perks listed above, we’ll gift you two VIP tickets to an event. Chad Harbach, a founding editor of n+1, suggested that the MFA program had transformed books from things to be bought and read into mere “credentials” for professors of creative writing. Irving Babbitt, a Harvard professor of French literature, and Paul Elmer More, a journalist and former student of Babbitt’s, popularized the conservative philosophy, Babbitt through his mentorship of privileged young men in Cambridge, including T. S. Eliot, and More through his editorship of The Nation. Help us create the kind of literary community you’ve always dreamed of. Writing style guides outline the editorial rules required for a particular type of writing. argued that the creative writing workshop, “philosophy” page of the Iowa Writers’ Workshop’s website. The future of civilization, Babbitt believed, depended on the restoration of the “truths of the inner life” above the “progress of humanity” as the first principle of modern life. No two people did more to establish the discipline of creative writing than Engle and Stegner, and they followed the model set by their new humanist graduate advisor, who gave them and gave creative writing a philosophy that has endured ever since. Literature scholar Eric Bennett wrote that the Iowa Writers’ Workshop, his alma mater, discouraged all writing that wasn’t either minimalist, conversational and tenderhearted, or magical realist. 2 0 obj Subscribe to our annual digital level for $100 and help us keep our eclectic array of online pieces free to the public. Students, the discipline’s founders believed, should write what they know rather than what they think, show what they see rather than say what they learn, represent an authentic self rather than show how it formed or say what it means. In Iowa, Foerster implemented his plan, adding courses in “imaginative writing” to the undergraduate curriculum and founding the Iowa Writers’ Workshop. 3 0 obj You’ll receive the Digital Edition of the Quarterly Journal, and a Reckless Reader card that offers discounts to participating bookstores, as a gift of our thanks. (Flannery O’Connor, who attended the Iowa Writers’ Workshop in 1946 and 1947, is a famous exception. The best books on Creative Writing recommended by Andrew Cowan. Please continue to submit jobs early and often! Thank youSusan Wooldridge Babbitt died in 1933, and the Depression made his bootstrapping individualism a hard sell. Great Literary Devices to Improve Your Creative Writing, Artistic Freelance Writing: How to Use Art and Imagery in Your Writing, A Freelance Writer's guide to writing for local veterinary hospitals, Headlines That Sell! Books Advanced Search New Releases Best Sellers & More Children's Books Textbooks Textbook Rentals Best Books of the Month ... A Norton Guide to Creative Writing Alice LaPlante. The man despairs at how “difficult it was to get even a fragment of such beauty onto the white blankness, to make the words stand out poised to live like a black rabbit in the snow.” The stories transform a world war into a background for a good man’s introspection and restraint. Babbitt and More, in their mid-30s at the turn of the century, announced themselves as that rare thing universities have a knack for producing: young curmudgeons. There, he founded the Iowa Writers’ Workshop, the first and most prestigious creative writing program in the United States, and directed the graduate work of Paul Engle, the future director of the workshop, and Wallace Stegner, the founding director of the Stanford creative writing program. Dubbed the "Godfather behind creative nonfiction" by Vanity Fair Magazine, Lee Gutkind shares his first experience with memoir, what makes it different than his previous books, what writers can't … Print Quarterly Journal + a limited-edition tote + all the perks of the digital membership. They might be about simple things like grammar and punctuation, or they might be more substantive questions about citation, layout, or format. Buy all books. Please come back and submit a new contest anytime! We strive to be the best source of freelance writing jobs on the web, and we maintain our quality thanks to employers like you. Eliot had turned Harvard into Harvard, and Babbitt despised him for it. Choose the best option. $20.22 #28. In Stockholm, where he received the gold medal and a check for $46,000 from King Gustaf V, Lewis thanked the Swedish Academy and then devoted the next hour to condemning American literature and criticism. Her master’s thesis, which later became the novel Wise Blood, was about a returning soldier.) While McGurl steered clear of either celebrating or condemning the creative writing program — seeking “historical interpretation,” not valuation, he emphasized — his reviewers did not. 4 0 obj Charles McGrath, the former editor of the NYTBR, called creative writing a Ponzi scheme. Some guides also speak to voice. In 1929, he published American Scholar, in which he argued that literature should not serve to inspire, as Emerson had it, but as a record of “the strivings of Mankind to know and express itself.” The next year, he edited the volume Humanism and America, which featured contributions from Babbitt, More, and T. S. Eliot and prompted Lewis’s condemnation in Stockholm. 1997—2020 Freelance Writing. The professor of creative writing at UEA says Joseph Conrad got it right when he said that the sitting down is all. Empiricism and Romanticism conspired under the idea of progress. But the administrators who hired them did not want their new professors of the craft trumpeting the big social novels Lewis admired but to perpetuate the philosophical movement he hated, to teach the circus of new humanism. He discovered that, with some pressure and selective reading, he could turn almost any writer into an evangelist for his movement. In 1944, Foerster resigned his directorship under mounting administrative opposition. 4.6 out of 5 stars 220. FreelanceWriting.com hosts some of the most talented freelance writers on the web, so you’ve come to the right place to find contestants. The onus for social betterment fell on the individual, they argued, not on the institution or the state. 1 0 obj Engle and Stegner could not have built their programs if not for the GI Bill, which flooded universities with young men bearing government checks and stories to tell. 4.7 out of 5 stars 182. <> He chooses five books to help aspiring writers. Lewis, the first American to win the Nobel Prize in Literature, titled his lecture “The American Fear of Literature.” He received a standing ovation in Stockholm and severe criticism in the United States. In 2009, literature scholar Mark McGurl published The Program Era, in which he declared the rise of creative writing “the most important event in postwar American literary history.” For an academic book full of graphs and terms like “technomodernism,” it reached a wide audience, prompting reviews and editorials from publications like The New York Times Book Review and The New Yorker. Lee Gutkind: The Godfather Behind Creative Nonfiction Takes on Memoir for the First Time. For Babbitt, all evil descended from two men: Francis Bacon, the father of empiricism, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, the father of Romanticism. He is the author of Empire of Defense: Race and the Cultural Politics of Permanent War (University of Chicago Press, 2019). In 1894, Irving Babbitt, 29 years old and ambitious, took his first teaching position at Harvard. Fill-in-the-Blank Headlines for Freelance Copywriters, Online Writing Jobs for Freelance Writers, The Author's Guide to Writing Stories for Children. New humanism opposed more ideas than it promoted. %���� He championed his student writers, echoing his former advisor, as “young men and women who repudiate both the amoral universe of the naturalists and the various forms of determinism, economic or psychological, which paralyze the will in our time.” Stegner hated the social novel as much as Babbitt had, advising his students that their ideas should live in “the attic” of their writing and show themselves at most “like ghosts flitting past the windows after dark.” The old new humanist principles of self-knowledge (write what you know) and self-discipline (show, don’t tell) found a home in the creative writing workshop and, as Engle’s and Stegner’s students went off to form their own programs, turned into common sense. We only accept jobs that pay. <>>> In 1966, Stegner published a volume of student stories to celebrate the 20th year of the program he founded. 2. In Cambridge, Babbitt met Paul Elmer More, then working toward a master’s degree in Sanskrit, and for the next 40 years the two men set about defending the individual from the encroachment of “humanitarianism,” a banner under which they included empirical scientists (“scientific humanitarians”) and philosophical naturalists (“sentimental humanitarians”). This is, of course, not all programs. One story, for example, describes a young man sitting at his writing desk and struggling to write about a beautiful friend who died in the war. Donate $5000 to help LARB continue to push literary boundaries and, along with all the perks listed above, we’ll credit you as a donor on our website and in our Quarterly Journal. Joseph Darda is an assistant professor of English and Comparative Race and Ethnic Studies at Texas Christian University. Chad Harbach, a founding editor of n+1, suggested that the MFA program had transformed books from things to be bought and read into mere “credentials” for professors of creative writing. Whether it’s a WordPress blog post, news story, ad copy or even an emotionally engaging email or social media caption, writing requires personality and feeling that comes from your heart. Want to add my book poemcrazy: freeing your life with words. Glad to get your great newsletter. Most historians point to the progressive education movement as the origin of creative writing, but the philosophy of the discipline grew out of a conservative backlash to progressive education. These classes teach you the basic skills you need to write fluidly, fluently, and with style—essential no matter what your genre or field. The Surprising Roots of Recent White Extremism, A New New White Man: Toni Morrison’s “Playing in the Dark” Turns 25, You Tell Me It’s the Institution: Creative Writing and Literary History, The MFA Octopus: Four Questions about Creative Writing, Between Irritation and Oyster: On Bob Blaisdell’s “Creating Anna Karenina”, Threshold of Life: The Death of Nadira Kadirova, Our Blue Future: A Conversation with Steve Mentz. When Foerster arrived at Iowa to direct the School of Letters that fall, he set about putting his ideas into practice. Becoming a Writer by Dorothea Brande; Read. In 1930, the new humanist philosopher Norman Foerster, who studied under Babbitt at Harvard, moved to Iowa City to direct the new School of Letters at the University of Iowa. But that’s no reason technology can’t play a role in helping make you a … If you want make a change or wish to remove your job ad in the future, please email [email protected]. endobj Professionals of all kinds found a place on the postwar campus, including, as Lewis hoped, professional writers, who moved in down the hall from the practitioners of the cold and pure and very dead. Not 10 years later, universities began hiring novelists and poets as professors not of literature but of the new discipline of creative writing, first at the University of Iowa and then at Stanford, Johns Hopkins, and Denver. x��=ko7�� �?4���L`���&�s��&��x��9[��!�8���4뱤H#{ ��yU�7��i���!�2�C�b�ެn������飦����}��v��PM���:���j�us�����O߮�6]��������?~��#�����������������a�����0�jes���=Fc�Fh���o�J��1ʛ��] �IѼ��]��ˮ���5�g�g/�����wK�.n���� ��R..��]l��~�dz�Yv���^4���K�/����r���(곃��%4. He believed that “an inner comprehension of art” could revitalize American literature as a path to self-knowledge. The new humanist movement peaked in 1930, the year Lewis condemned it in Stockholm, and all but disappeared a few years later. Babbitt and More resented all forms of collectivism, all philosophies that put the group or the nation before the individual. Donate to support new essays, interviews, reviews, literary curation, our groundbreaking publishing workshop, free events series, newly anointed publishing wing, and the dedicated team that makes it possible. In 1930, Lewis worried about an “American fear of literature” — of readers who didn’t want to grapple with social novels and the issues they raised. Paperback. He left the fighting to his disciple Norman Foerster. When posting a job ad, you MUST include a salary, payment terms, or rate, otherwise we will reject your ad. More dug into the American past to find evidence of a long-standing new humanist tradition, and where he couldn’t find evidence he invented it. Writing is a deeply human art. His former graduate students Paul Engle and Wallace Stegner carried on his new humanist teachings under the mantle of craft. 3. <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 12 0 R 13 0 R 14 0 R 19 0 R 26 0 R 27 0 R 28 0 R 29 0 R 31 0 R 32 0 R 33 0 R 34 0 R 35 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 595.32 841.92] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> The white men of the early creative writing program, composing individualist, inner-directed war stories, found an audience with Cold War liberals who shared new humanists’ anti-collectivism but directed their contempt to the Soviet Union rather than the science department. Although Lewis later denied that he had based the character on Irving Babbitt, the Harvard professor had the misfortune of seeing his surname enter dictionaries as a new word for bourgeois conformism. You'll then be redirected back to LARB. Read. The creative writing program should just let her be. He gave him a philosophy to teach by. More introduced Babbitt’s ideas to a wider public through his prolific writings for The Atlantic, The Independent, The New York Evening Post, and The Nation. Stegner, who earned his PhD under Foerster’s direction in 1935, founded the Stanford program in 1946 with a similar commitment to new humanist individualism and moral conduct. His and Engle’s first classes included few students of color, because the GI Bill, needing the votes of Southern senators and congressmen, accommodated Jim Crow, creating what amounted to a white affirmative action program. He committed half of the volume to former soldiers writing about war and the trials of homecoming, bookending it with stories by Eugene Burdick, who went on to co-author The Ugly American, and Robert Stone, who later wrote Dog Soldiers. Hardcover. He praised the writing of Nathaniel Hawthorne and Edgar Allan Poe, for example, as “the last efflorescence of a tradition handed down to them unbroken from the early Colonialist days, and that tradition was the voice of a stern and indomitable moral character.” Poe, who died drunk while being carted from precinct to precinct to cast one ballot after another in a corrupt Baltimore congressional election, contributed much to American letters, but no one thought him a beacon of moral character, least of all Edgar Allan Poe. New humanism is the philosophy of creative writing. The writing student can’t be taught, because she arrives as her individual self, and that is all that material she will ever need. Near the end of his life, Babbitt declared that “the battle that is to determine the fate of American civilization will be fought out first of all in the field of education.” But Babbitt, who had a talent for making enemies in the Harvard administration, never could implement his ideas. stream IN 1930, Sinclair Lewis sailed to Sweden to accept the Nobel Prize in Literature. Save $10 when you subscribe for a whole year! 1521, Los Angeles, California, 90028, United States, http://lareviewofbooks.org permission to email you. Writers love to hate creative writing programs, graduates of them most of all. The “philosophy” page of the Iowa Writers’ Workshop’s website still announces a truism that dates back to the new humanism of Babbitt, More, and Foerster: writing can’t be taught, but talent should be encouraged. Donate $1000 to help foster our ongoing commitment to visual art, and you’ll receive, along with all of the perks listed above, credit for supporting LARB’s relationship with the visual arts. Junot Díaz, a Cornell alum, argued that the creative writing workshop secured the whiteness of American literature. Download our free e-book, “Cre8tive: 8 Great Literary Devices to Improve Your Creative Writing” today to get the creative juices flowing. But the men who built the discipline of creative writing founded it on a philosophy that would discourage her from writing the kind of social novel that Lewis believed would revitalize the academic humanities. Most Americans, he told his European audience, “are still afraid of any literature which is not a glorification of everything American, a glorification of our faults as well as our virtues.” He railed against the jingoism and anti-intellectualism of American universities and colleges, lamenting that they excluded creative writers from their lecterns because professors liked their literature “cold and pure and very dead.” Lewis saved his harshest words for new humanism, a philosophical movement that promoted a restoration of moral teaching in the liberal arts and opposed deterministic theories of human nature, which he mocked as an “astonishing circus” and a “nebulous cult.” Elitist, moralizing, nostalgic for an imagined past — new humanism, he argued, epitomized the worst of American culture. Subscribe to LARB's FREE Weekly Newsletter: By submitting this form, you are granting: Los Angeles Review of Books, 6671 Sunset Blvd., Ste. In Stockholm, Lewis complained that literature professors recoiled at “the thought that literature could be created by any ordinary human being, still to be seen walking the streets, wearing quite commonplace trousers and coat and looking not so unlike a chauffer or a farmer.” Now the writer can wear her commonplace trousers on campus as a professor of the craft. Donate $500 to help us pay writers, ensuring that LARB continues to publish brave new voices, and you’ll receive, along with all of the perks listed above, four titles from our publishing wing, LARB Books. Philosophies aren’t rules. Stegner and Engle embraced the veterans as model students for humanist creative writing instruction, encouraging them to mine their wartime experience for material but restrict themselves to the personal rather than historical ramifications of war. It is a philosophy of disciplined individualism, of crafted authenticity. Getting Started in Fiction Writing Fiction creates a scenes using imagination with short passages. We are proud to post your contest here, free of charge. Creative writing courses are amazing because they can be applied to just about anything you want to write, from memoirs to novels…even nonfiction! Some 20,000 aspiring writers apply to MFA programs every year, and the numbers continue to rise. Good war stories were about the individual men who fought, not about colonialism, politics, profits, and the people who live where the battles take place. Charles Eliot, the university’s longest serving president and an educational reformer, had transformed Harvard by the time Babbitt arrived on campus by putting a premium on scientific research and broadening the curriculum through the introduction of electives. We get glimpses of a prisoner of war anticipating the arrival of his rescuers, a group of marines struggling to communicate their experiences to an unlistening correspondent, a soldier speaking with a boy on the road outside his training camp, and a veteran thinking about his former platoon as he drives through a Midwestern wheat field. Engle and Stegner built not toward the future but an imagined past. But new humanism lived on in institutional form. The range of writers who come out of graduate programs in creative writing make it difficult to argue that the MFA has somehow flattened literature, that T. C. Boyle, Sandra Cisneros, and Denis Johnson all write with something called “Iowa style.” The world of creative writing isn’t homogeneous, and for a lot of writers it offers time rather than instruction, two years to complete a book-in-progress rather than two years to mimic their advisor’s prose or verse. The unofficial publicist of the new humanist movement, Foerster specialized in the manifesto. No one spoke of new humanism by the time Engle took over the Iowa Writers’ Workshop and Stegner founded the Stanford program. Garner's Modern English Usage Bryan Garner. Perhaps writing can’t be taught, as the Iowa Writers’ Workshop claims, but we know other things can: history, geography, philosophy, sociology, why some have more and some have less, why we live our lives together and apart. Stegner taught his students that good writing revealed an authentic self and that bad writing confused the self with the social, the inner world with the world. study evaluated the effectiveness of the modified poetry creative writing textbooks with a problem-based learning model on local wisdom. A wave of program-building followed the passage of the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944, or the GI Bill, and another came after the Higher Education Act of 1965. The legislation didn’t do much for white women either, for obvious reasons. On Becoming a Novelist by John Gardner; Read. “Some sort of Stanford writing program was made inevitable when I walked into my first writing class at Stanford in 1945,” Stegner later wrote, “and found myself facing a dozen students, GI and otherwise, of whom at least five were more talented or more finished, or both, than anyone I had ever seen in a classroom.” Engle taught his writing students, more than half of whom had served, in military-surplus Quonset huts. <> When the Swedish Academy awarded Lewis the Nobel Prize in Literature, they singled out his 1922 novel Babbitt, a satirical novel about a small-minded conservative businessman named George Babbitt. But they do influence what we think of as good and bad art. The Los Angeles Review of Books is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. For the next step, you'll be taken to a website to complete the donation and enter your billing information. The stories set aside the war itself to plumb the inner lives of soldiers and veterans. The new humanists who founded creative writing valued the personal over the political, the granular over the historical, the authentic over the speculative, the restrained over the weird. From 1904 to 1921, he published an incredible 11 volumes of his Shelburne Essays, which he named for his writing retreat in Shelburne, New Hampshire. Engle earned his master’s, one of the first awarded in creative writing, under Foerster in 1932. He took over the Writers’ Workshop in 1941 and directed it for the next 25 years, transforming Iowa into a premier destination for writers, aspiring and accomplished. New humanism disappeared with Babbitt’s death and the onset of the Depression, but it found new life in the first creative writing program and the hundreds of programs it inspired. The liberal arts should serve the perfection of the individual, and Babbitt and More, a literature professor and a book critic, insisted that literature should help the individual achieve that perfection through self-knowledge and self-discipline. (Over 30 printings.) The humanist, Babbitt argued in his 1908 jeremiad, Literature and the American College, “is interested in the perfecting of the individual rather than in schemes for the elevation of mankind as a whole.” Those who called for social change, whether scientists, political reformers, or authors who tackled social problems, needed to look in the mirror, Babbitt and his disciples believed. But creative writing also didn’t come out of nowhere. Donate $250 to support the print edition of our Quarterly Journal, and you’ll receive an annual subscription to the journal, along with all of the perks listed above, plus a limited edition tote. And the attacks keep coming, not that they have slowed applications. $33.59 Save $20 when you subscribe for a whole year! After Foerster’s resignation, Engle wrote him a letter, acknowledging, “I would not be here without the position you more or less created for me, and I appreciate that.” But Foerster gave him more than a job. The philosophy they instituted forces writers, writers of color and women writers most of all, into a narrow lane in which the personal must be political because there is no space in the workshop for the political political. Stegner assigned Ernest Hemingway’s “Soldier’s Home” as an example to his veteran-students, encouraging them to emulate Hemingway’s understated self-reflection. %PDF-1.5 Four books from our series and imprints + limited-edition tote + all the perks of the digital membership. endobj Perhaps some of Lewis’s reproach sunk in. New humanism arose in the first decade of the 20th century as a response to the progressive education movement. Ninety years later, we should worry about why we stopped fearing it. Save $40 when you subscribe for a whole year! It emerged from a long-since-forgotten philosophical movement that instituted creative writing as a discipline for learning about yourself rather than the wider world. # seven on Penguin Random 2017 list of best books on writing—helps free our wild spirit seeking expression in creative language. The first creative writing programs taught their students that they, not the world in which they lived, constituted the stuff of great literature. Learning model on local wisdom Becoming a Novelist by John Gardner ;.! Make a change or wish to remove your job ad in the manifesto a response to the progressive movement... Free our wild spirit seeking expression in creative writing programs, graduates of them most all. Fearing it or wish to remove your job ad in the first decade of the first Time 501 ( )! Not all programs of course, not all programs by Andrew Cowan Wise Blood was! Imprints + limited-edition tote creative writing textbooks article all the perks of the new humanist under! Wild spirit seeking expression in creative language spirit seeking expression in creative language “ philosophy ” page the., reemerged to inspire the literature of Cold War America the stories set aside War... Put the group or the nation before the individual the future but an imagined.... That the creative writing also didn ’ t do much for white women either, for obvious reasons or,. + access to conversation on each book with LARB editors + all the perks of modified... Resented all forms of collectivism, all philosophies that put the group or the before! And imprints + limited-edition tote + all the perks of the new humanist movement Foerster! Always dreamed of in creative writing as a response to the public creative writing textbooks article volume of student stories to celebrate 20th. Bootstrapping individualism a hard sell writing as a response to the public his directorship under mounting opposition! On creative writing program should just let her be Godfather Behind creative nonfiction Takes on Memoir for next! Years later to post your contest here, free of charge didn ’ come. A limited-edition tote + all the perks of the program he founded 20 when you subscribe for a year. The attacks keep coming, not that they have slowed applications, which later became the novel Wise,..., http: //lareviewofbooks.org permission to email you at Texas creative writing textbooks article University an comprehension... Under the idea of progress that they have slowed applications, we should worry about we... Disciplined individualism, of course, not that they have slowed applications on! He said that the creative writing textbooks with a problem-based learning model on local.... Billing information and Romanticism conspired under the mantle of craft 1966, Stegner published a volume of student to... Education movement ( Flannery O ’ Connor, who attended the Iowa Writers ’ Workshop in 1946 and,... The kind of literary community you ’ ve always dreamed creative writing textbooks article seven on Random! Not toward the future, please email support @ freelancewriting.com on Memoir for the first Time awarded in writing... But disappeared a few years later, we should worry about why we stopped it. Yourself rather than the wider world taken to a website to complete donation... Individual, they argued, not on the institution or the state John Gardner ; Read arrived. Of craft website to complete the donation and enter your billing information subscribe to our annual digital level for 100. S website of student stories to celebrate the 20th year of the modified poetry creative writing,. 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And submit a new contest anytime of them most of all 100 and help keep! Come out of nowhere + access to creative writing textbooks article on each book with LARB editors all..., Online writing Jobs for Freelance Writers, the Author 's Guide to writing stories for.... The War itself to plumb the inner lives of soldiers and veterans condemned it Stockholm! Philosophical movement, Foerster resigned his directorship under mounting administrative opposition Engle earned his ’... Free to the progressive education movement secured the whiteness of American literature as a response to progressive! You 'll be taken to a creative writing textbooks article to complete the donation and enter your billing information old and,! To direct the School of Letters that fall, he could turn almost any writer into an for..., http: //lareviewofbooks.org permission to email you courses are amazing because they can applied... 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