research proposal and report writing pdf

��!�8GתPk}1.�9��9Z��4Fc�,���J The first part of the notes focuses on a process which you might find helpful when writing your proposal, while the second part includes an annotated example of a proposal. ��d����8~G�����x����4F�a�O�0��/��Bc4"Fw{ 0000008714 00000 n 1. <]>> of writing a research report. 0000011334 00000 n 3��LA�0S��G2�&����:� O�'0�+8�l�[0�.8��{ ����:(��Jg���Y�tV8+��Jg���S��Tx��_d�ji��CƋb�����[{�MKO���.�4N&��/�+� ��9 �q� H��SMo�@�ﯘ#>��e�ʲ��#J�H��RQ� -6��&���`;Ej���f��7��1;�d����@a:��π|' �4g�g8t[|�Y $Z�*k�;��ڕ{ۺ2W����®!7�D�����c���0 0��7�� e��G�`I�2��ٓ V�k^`���X��f./`��c�dU�a���ڵ:2_��=r`@C�?�1���1_�X$�(�ɒ4�p��$��.bD3�#:@�δXO��]�8p�hʗ��h̸����ɠ+y�D��/�S��|��SV���,�%��N�S�R"�g�i+�f����@��_�sf�? 0000010246 00000 n 0000008436 00000 n �H�G�=쑰vA�����r��W�+��J���_��W�+��J���_��W�+��r�5�W%��%ÿr��T��e:؟'G<6����Bl�ԭ�g�-��z�fg��` �o Recommend solutions. 0000001779 00000 n -�E��m�R��,fZ��8��1Ld�8�������PC��H:|��J��v�٤oa��n6����]�k�9�����0��͟o�wn�$���.�;��qL�ڤ�q�2��������'�k�]����j��&�_��;;?�̬צw�$m~�����L�l{��q~�oqϿ�əby��ҍ��Lm�B�O.����M��u�|�m�f�v8v�ې�gY"7��L~��c`]r}��e�p�.��kJpE���l�JV���oț�����2+!���+:Wp����t�Cd�X�X�Y�Y�Y�Y�[�[zZx Furthermore, “researchers often indulge in jargon, which seems to obscure rather than explain what the research problem is”. zm��i�B�PeDoщ���Yy*��嵗���!��ܝ��‹�=��,��[�t�R8�Uh 0000004217 00000 n 0000006978 00000 n 0000003752 00000 n 0000003913 00000 n 4. 0000046638 00000 n The first edition was produced in 2001 and since then, a lot of transformations have taken place. The National Research Foundation (NRF) reports that most research proposals are “characterised by poorly formulated problems”. %PDF-1.4 %���� 0000001456 00000 n 0000115686 00000 n State the problem. 0000007995 00000 n 151 41 This allows you to be guided on the flow chart of your research. There are report writing format examples that are used by entities to ensure that their reports are presentable and well-formulated. A research proposal should start with the definition of the problem. The same goes when writing a proposal. �:������:P6���l��:86�5�o�ߗ8�g[d/e�B�������m��(��E�/ GE 0000148142 00000 n 0000009184 00000 n There are different examples and formats of research proposals; thus; you should choose one that is most suitable for your research. 0000011897 00000 n 0000190298 00000 n 0000007429 00000 n Writing the Research Proposal: Guidelines 3.1 Introduction This document provides guidelines for writing the research proposal at MA as well as at PhD level. If you are having difficulties in writing a research proposal, you can download some online samples for guidance. endstream endobj 152 0 obj<>/ViewerPreferences<>/Metadata 23 0 R/Pages 22 0 R/StructTreeRoot 25 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 153 0 obj<>/ColorSpace<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC/ImageI]/Properties<>>>/ExtGState<>>>/Type/Page>> endobj 154 0 obj<> endobj 155 0 obj<> endobj 156 0 obj<> endobj 157 0 obj[/Separation/All/DeviceCMYK<>] endobj 158 0 obj[/Indexed/DeviceRGB 153 181 0 R] endobj 159 0 obj<> endobj 160 0 obj<>stream Formal Reports and Proposals 9 T he distinctions between formal and informal reports are often blurred. Please email Your Outline to Dr. Ogren Specific Aims Background & Significance Research Design & Methods References Good luck. 0000190044 00000 n endstream endobj 163 0 obj<> endobj 164 0 obj<> endobj 165 0 obj<>stream 0000190688 00000 n You should follow a particular structure that can present your discussion in the best and most appealing manner possible. 0000002835 00000 n Here are a few tips on how to write it. The annotated example aims to help you see in a Candidates should ensure that the problem and their objectives remain the focus of their thinking and writing. }>�LA�0S�)�d 0000063195 00000 n 0000009699 00000 n 0000004742 00000 n 0000006430 00000 n ��V����"�fl���#���ײd� Z磻�k'Ȳo<6��f~Nuw+�>�P�8���B@o�������7��#��G4Q�2��Yܵ��íT��Bu� -��-�XRc�&��t.�C,�d��kF-?�Џ&P̛�L�įj!���M�o���/p����Q�sT�_�,Ia". 3. 151 0 obj <> endobj H�\��n�0F�y H�\��j�0��~ Writing is vague Uncertain outcomes Problem is not important Proposal is unfocused Project is too large . 0000114561 00000 n 0000005664 00000 n 0000002326 00000 n 0000003962 00000 n 0000010844 00000 n _� �3AB�Z�J��mv���"5�r��_����H �g�؞����㰘�g���_�i���-t��y�ua��[>��wi�,�=ܯ����Ӕյ��o�%���s?�c����x6�ã��y��?.fe�[��S�7���{{�&OӞ�}�>,��8�߈��ٛ"=���M���m�C;�}V��5�[������� �O�{�����*�"o�pE�� ���;�+��F�I��9q�E~!��9���No�Kr �dvd����`:[8[:[8[��k�i��X�C��� `�8�8�8�8�u���!�0� �0� �0� �0� ��.A]ºu ����%�%)�V���5 0000001138 00000 n endstream endobj 190 0 obj<>/Size 151/Type/XRef>>stream endstream endobj 161 0 obj<> endobj 162 0 obj<>stream 0000000016 00000 n 0000004990 00000 n 0000001633 00000 n x�b```��l��B �ac`a�h`8�b���S5�c;��� �t�Rg�If��49��p�x���L*� ���آ�p 퀰]\;:�&�|�3���*k�20~b�x�d�9�;Ǚ���b?3Nbbe�`xʸ���'&UƝLL�-5'JYL�m|2�2z,d���?�3�a� w��_O�����E%X|���� �g7� Please take note of the following before you work carefully through it: The detailed, 3 000-word proposal should not be confused with the short three- �� a|����{� ;��²���PJ�e�C�i'q` research report and thesis/ dissertation Writing. startxref x�bba`b``Ń3Υ�= ޼- 0000131604 00000 n trailer xref How to Write a Research Proposal. H���O��0��H�sL�* ���Z������R�\�´�FCķ�8+5�U7�8`,�������L��x� t��A;�ԠW�Ax֝3�HZ��'�YP��G ��DͨW�*�v��K�+y)���'H�?e��~����v����,ۏe�.�R(�$�@|�KWE��8�C�)��e?�ȦX��`@7�X��n/����o�2�&��Z��c誅k� These notes are aimed at helping students write an effective research proposal. The proposal outlines an introduction that references previous findings and the question that inspired the hypothesis, as well as a methodology for an experiment.These are the first few sections of a complete research report. endstream endobj 166 0 obj<>stream 191 0 obj<>stream 0000148773 00000 n 0000148396 00000 n 0 0000116118 00000 n 0000005777 00000 n Nevertheless, a formal report is usually written to someone in another company or organization. Occasionally it is written for a senior manager in the same company, or for someone with whom the writer has little regular contact. 0000003226 00000 n 0000005553 00000 n 2. 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